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1.
Rev. Pesqui. Fisioter ; 10(4): 785-808, Nov. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1247825

ABSTRACT

Atualmente não existe um consenso entre quais as caraterísticas das abordagens (bottom-up ou top-down) mais eficazes na reabilitação das Atividades da Vida Diária (AVDs) em pessoas com Síndrome de Neglect (SN). OBJETIVO: Caracterizar as abordagens (bottom-up ou top-down) e o seu impacto nas AVDs em adultos e idosos com SN. MÉTODOS: Esta revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com a recomendação PRISMA - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro e Cochrane. Foram considerados estudos experimentais em que pelo menos uma técnica das abordagens bottom-up e top-down fosse utilizada. A ferramenta Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCTs foi utilizada para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos. Foi usada a seguinte combinação de palavras chave: Neglect Syndrome OR Unilateral Syndrome OR Neglect (…) AND Activities of Daily Living OR Daily (…) AND Treatment OR Intervention OR Technique (…). RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 16 estudos, dos quais 9 incluem técnicas de abordagem bottom-up, 6 incluem técnicas de abordagem top-down e 1 artigo inclui técnicas das duas abordagens. As técnicas da abordagem bottom-up que aumentaram a independência nas AVDs foram Visuomotor Feedback Training, Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Training e a combinação de Eye Patching com Constraint-induced Therapy. Na abordagem top-down as técnicas com os mesmos resultados foram Visual Scanning, Mental Practice, Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation e Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. CONCLUSÃO: As abordagens bottom-up e top-down aumentam a independência nas AVDs e cada uma contém técnicas com significativo impacto positivo, como Visuomotor Feedback Training e Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation. O presente trabalho permitiu uma análise crítica à classificação das abordagens em bottom-up e top-down, uma vez que não são sensíveis à distinção dos mecanismos de reabilitação envolvidos.


Currently there is no consensus on which are the characteristics of rehabilitation approaches (bottom-up or top-down) most effective in the rehabilitation of ADLs in people with Neglet Syndrome (NS). AIM: To characterize the approaches (bottomup or top-down) with more impact on ADLs in adults and elderly with NS. METHODS: This systematic review was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metaanalyses (PRISMA) recommendation. A bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro and Cochrane databases. Experimental studies were considered in which at least one technique of the bottom-up and top-down approaches was used. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCTs tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. The following combination of keywords was used: Negligence Syndrome OR Unilateral Syndrome OR Negligence (...) AND Activities OF Daily OR Daily Life (...) AND Treatment OR Intervention OR Technique (...). RESULTS: 16 studies were included, which 9 include techniques from the bottom-up approach, 6 include techniques from the top-down approach and 1 article includes two techniques, each belonging to each approach. The techniques of the bottom-up approach that increased independence in the ADLs were Visuomotor Feedback Training, Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Training and the combination of Eye Patching with Constraint-induced Therapy. In the top-down approach, the techniques with the same results were Visual Scanning, Mental Practice, Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. CONCLUSION: Both bottom-up and top-down approaches increase independence in ADLs. Each approach contains techniques with a significant positive impact on ADLs such as Visuomotor Feedback Training and Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation. The present work also allowed a critical analysis to the classification of the approaches in bottom-up and top-down, since they are not different to the category of rehabilitation mechanisms.


Subject(s)
Self-Neglect , Perception , Activities of Daily Living
2.
BrJP ; 2(1): 55-60, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038979

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Catastrophization and social support influence health outcomes in people with chronic pain. However, there is still no consensus regarding the relationship between these factors, and the information available in what relates to chronic pain in the knee joint is even scarcer. The objective of this study was to describe and understand the relationship between the perceived social support and pain catastrophization in adults with chronic knee pain. METHODS: Sociodemographic data were collected, and the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory and Pain Catastrophizing Scale were completed by the participants. The sample included 28 participants attending daycare institutions in Aveiro, Braga and Leiria districts (Portugal). RESULTS: Seventy-five percent of the participants presented clinically significant catastrophization, and 64.3% reported high perceived social support. There is a direct relationship between high catastrophization and frequent solicitations and distraction responses. Conversely, an inverse association between high catastrophization levels and infrequent negative responses was observed in the collected sample. CONCLUSION: Useful social support contributes to a maladaptive response to pain by increasing catastrophization levels, and the catastrophic response may be a way to ask for support. There is a direct association between the perceived social support and the catastrophization of chronic knee pain in the participants. However, the association between these variables was poor/low evidencing the need to consider other factors in the catastrophization study.


RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Tanto a catastrofização como o suporte social influenciam os resultados na saúde de indivíduos com dor crônica. Porém, não há consenso sobre a relação entre esses fatores, sendo escassa a informação direcionada à articulação do joelho. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever e compreender a relação entre o suporte social percebido e a catastrofização da dor em idosos com dor crônica do joelho. MÉTODOS: Foi feita a coleta de dados sociodemográficos, em conjunto com o preenchimento dos instrumentos West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory e Pain Catastrophizing Scale pelos participantes. A amostra foi constituída por 28 participantes, institucionalizados em regime de centro de dia dos distritos de Aveiro, Braga e Leiria (Portugal). RESULTADOS: Setenta e cinco por cento dos participantes apresentaram catastrofização clinicamente significativa e 64,3% referiram alto suporte social percebido. Verificou-se uma relação diretamente proporcional entre a elevada catastrofização e as respostas solícitas e de distração frequentes. Contrariamente, existe uma associação inversamente proporcional entre o elevado nível de catastrofização e as respostas negativas pouco frequentes na amostra recolhida. CONCLUSÃO: O suporte social útil contribui para uma resposta desadaptativa à dor, pelo aumento dos níveis de catastrofização, podendo a resposta catastrófica constituir um meio para solicitar apoio. Denota-se uma associação diretamente proporcional entre o suporte social percebido e a catastrofização da dor crônica do joelho nos participantes. Contudo, a relação demonstrou ser pobre/baixa, evidenciando a necessidade de considerar outros fatores no estudo da catastrofização.

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